Interfaz automática de generación de niveles en videojuegos para la prueba de algoritmo de hormigas

El juego de los Lemmings fue muy popular en la década de los 90. La temática del juego consiste en superar los diferentes obstáculos de un nivel partiendo desde un punto inicial y alcanzar un punto de salida. Para lograr este objetivo, los Lemmings disponen de distintas habilidades que puedan usar un determinado número de veces, pudiendo modificar el entorno en el que se encuentran, para así poder alcanzar el punto de salida. Distintos métodos de inteligencia artificial son comúnmente usados para la resolución de pantallas. En este trabajo de fin de grado se propone un análisis de distintos algoritmos aplicables a la resolución de los niveles y una batería de pruebas del algoritmo de colonia de hormigas comparando sus resultados con un algoritmo genético. De igual modo, también se va a elaborar un método para la generación aleatoria de pantallas mediante un algoritmo codificado en Python.The videogame “Lemmings” was so popular in 90’s. The game consist of passing different obstacles from a start point and reach an exit point. To achieve this goal, Lemmings have different skills that they can use a determinate number of times with the possibility of change the environment in which they are in order to reach the exit point. Different artificial intelligence methods are commonly used in screen solving. In this paper, different algorithms for screen solving and a battery of tests of ant colony algorithm, comparing their results with a genetic algorithm, are proposed. Similarly, a method for random screen generation is going to be developed in Python

Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Polymorphism Effects on Vanilla planifolia Jacks ex Andrews after Long-Term Exposure to Argovit® Silver Nanoparticles

Worldwide demands of Vanilla planifolia lead to finding new options to produce large-scale and contaminant-free crops. Particularly, the Mexican Government has classified Vanilla planifolia at risk and it subject to protection programs since wild species are in danger of extinction and no more than 30 clones have been found. Nanotechnology could help to solve both demands and genetic variability, but toxicological concerns must be solved. In this work, we present the first study of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects promoted by AgNPs in Vanilla planifolia plantlets after a very long exposure time of six weeks. Our results show that Vanilla planifolia plantlets growth with doses of 25 and 50 mg/L is favored with a small decrease in the mitotic index. A dose-dependency in the frequency of cells with chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei was found. However, genotoxic effects could be considered as minimum due to with the highest concentration employed (200 mg/L), the total percentage of chromatic aberrations is lower than 5% with only three micronuclei in 3000 cells, despite the long-time exposure to AgNP. Therefore, 25 and 50 mg/L (1.5 and 3 mg/L of metallic silver) were identified as safe concentrations for Vanilla planifolia growth on in vitro conditions. Exposure of plantlets to AgNPs increase the polymorphism registered by inter-simple sequence repeat method (ISSR), which could be useful to promote the genetic variability of this species